Following a year in which international advisory opinions have generated significant discussion about the future of climate change litigation, France will be a crucial jurisdiction in the year ahead. France will see novel actions progress, following the judgment in the greenwashing action against TotalEnergies brought by Greenpeace on their net-zero claims. A further claim against Total, pursued under the French duty of vigilance, continues its efforts to force the company to report on and take action to reduce carbon emissions in line with the Paris Agreement. That claim was reinstated in June 2024, having initially been dismissed, and ordered to proceed to trial. In addition, a further action brought by activist group Notre Affaire a Tous against BNP Paribas was the first climate-related lawsuit commenced against a commercial bank, also based on the French corporate duty of vigilance law. Although developments in the litigation remain limited, this is a potentially important action.